UN team in Syria as guns shell city

Even though the overall level of violence has dropped significantly, government attacks over the weekend raised new doubts about President Bashar Assad’s commitment to UN special envoy Kofi Annan’s plan to end 13 months of violence and launch talks on Syria’s political future.

The advance team of UN monitors arrived in Damascus on Sunday night. Mr Annan’s spokesman Ahmad Fawzi said the team will be led by Moroccan Colonel Ahmed Himmiche, and that the remaining 25 observers are expected to arrive in the coming days.

Mr Fawzi said in a statement issued in Geneva that the mission “will start with setting up operating headquarters, and reaching out to the Syrian government and the opposition forces so that both sides fully understand the role of the UN observers”.

“We will start our mission as soon as possible and we hope it will be a success,” Col Himmiche said as he left a Damascus hotel along with his team on Sunday.

Two activist groups, the Local Co-ordination Committees and the British-based Syrian Observatory for Human Rights, said intense shelling of Homs resumed early yesterday for the third consecutive day.

“Government forces trying to take control of Homs neighbourhoods are pounding the districts of Khaldiyeh and Bayada with mortar fire,” its observers said.

Both groups said two people were killed in Hama in central Syria yesterday when security forces opened fire on their car.

Western countries and the Syrian opposition are sceptical that Mr Assad will abide by Mr Annan’s six-point plan for a ceasefire and the weekend pounding of Homs along with scattered violence in other areas has reinforced those doubts.

Mr Assad accepted the truce deal at the encouragement of his main ally, Russia, but his compliance has been limited.

He has halted shelling of rebel-held neighbourhoods, with the exception of Homs, but ignored calls to pull troops out of urban centres, apparently for fear of losing control over a country his family has ruled for four decades.

Rebel fighters have also kept up attacks, including shooting ambushes.

The international community hopes UN observers will be able to stabilise the ceasefire, which formally took effect last Thursday.

The UN Security Council approved the observer mission unanimously on Saturday.

A larger team of 250 observers requires more negotiations between the UN and the Syrian government next week.

UN Secretary-General Bank Ki-moon expressed serious concern with the Syrian government’s continued shelling of Homs.

He said “the whole world is watching with sceptical eyes” whether the ceasefire can be sustained.

“It is important – absolutely important that the Syrian government should take all the measures to keep this cessation of violence,” he told reporters in Brussels after meeting Belgian Prime Minister Elio Di Rupo yesterday.

Mr Ban said he hoped that, once the full monitoring team is on the ground, “there will be calm and stability and peace without any violence”.

Since the ceasefire began, each side has accused the other of violations.

Syria’s state-run news agency Sana has reported rebel attacks targeting checkpoints and army officers, while opposition activists said regime troops and their allied shabiha militiamen continued arrest raids and the mistreatment of those in detention.

The UN says about 9,000 people have died since March 2011.